Manifestos for internal security

A file photo of Maoists in Chhattisgarh. Photo: Noah Seelam/AFP
A file photo of Maoists in Chhattisgarh. Photo: Noah Seelam/AFP

To talk internal security, let’s talk manifestos.
It may seem strange to bring up the issue of election manifestos during public displays of wholesale self-preservation in politics and wholesale panic about the economy. But the general election looms, and so must manifestos and the resultant exercise for prospective voters and observers to sift likely intention from likely fiction.
Let’s look at the two major national political parties with recent histories of leading broad coalitions in government and opposition, with several coalition partners practising political blackmail, social and religious hatred, and displaying contempt for rural and poor Indians. What to make of their 2009 manifestos in retrospect?
Should the food security law and the push to legislate a Bill for updated land acquisition, rehabilitation and resettlement norms be seen as the Congress delivering on its claim that “economic growth and social justice are two sides of the same coin and must always go hand-in-hand”. While to my mind an updated land acquisition Act could contribute directly to lessening of conflict in India’s rural and urban hinterlands, that partial delivery lies damaged on account of this marquee claim: “We will maintain the path of high growth with fiscal prudence and low inflation.”
Or should its claims of “inclusion” be dismissed because it hadn’t deemed worth elaborating widespread agrarian crises, the Maoist rebellion—touted as the “greatest internal security threat” by the Congress’s twice-nominated premier in 2006—or any aspect of fractured, quite seething northeastern India?
Should the Bharatiya Janata Party (BJP) be lauded for raising these issues? And more so, for raising national interest above its own and staying with the incumbent coalition on food security and providing security for the project-affected? After all, its 2009 manifesto did claim: “The BJP will bring about amendments to existing laws to rectify anomalies pertaining to land acquisition. Farmers will be compensated at market rates for any land acquired for infrastructure purposes. The BJP will not allow the conversion of fertile farmland for industrial/commercial projects or Special Economic Zones (SEZs).”
(Indeed, it had justifiably called to question the Congress’s disastrous policy in promoting SEZs, and insisted that “acquisition of land for industrial use will be addressed after a careful scrutiny of the Parliamentary Standing Committee’s report and factoring in the need to protect the farm sector and enhance food production”.)
Or will the BJP manifesto, far more comprehensive and detailed than that of the Congress, be seen as a partial lie because BJP-led state governments in Chhattisgarh, Karnataka and Madhya Pradesh practised—actually, continue to practise in Chhattisgarh and Madhya Pradesh—people’s security by its demolition? And while praising the suggestion for better inter-state coordination and real-time intelligence-sharing, and better training of forces to combat Maoist rebels, surely the suggestion that the “Chhattisgarh Model will be used for counter-Maoist operations” must be condemned for both the grossest human rights violation, conflict, and hardening of positions this so-called model has caused.
As ever, manifestos are a mixed bag and, realistically, they will continue to be so.
But what is of concern is the current atmosphere that might lead to more suspect manifestos. It was disheartening, for example, to see a Union minister this past week term the Supreme Court’s judgement to disqualify convicted legislators or similar such running for state and parliamentary elections as “erroneous”. This happened during a parliamentary debate and, in effect, it was a bid to retain the eligibility of convicts to be legislators.
Elsewhere, outside politics, a respected economist-columnist termed the land acquisition Bill Luddite, and instead offered a broad spectrum application of Joseph Schumpeter’s theory of “creative destruction” to recover from India’s economic stall. While it is tempting to argue that the learned gentleman is lamentably disconnected from realities in India outside climate-controlled environs that many such keyboard and television warriors inhabit, it may instead be worthwhile to discuss creative construction.
That’s what manifestos can actually do, should these be approached as constructive blueprints of a country’s future instead of as merest lip service.
And so, here are some suggestions to get a discussion rolling.
Take northeast India seriously: or that map could be irrevocably altered. It is foolish to pursue a “Look East Policy” while concurrently pursuing an “Overlook Northeast Policy”.
While talking internal security, talk peace with Maoists. Reel in pro-talks groups; let anti-talks factions hang with the wind. Dividends from peace and governance will bring stabilized populations, economies and resources—both human and “natural”.
Deepen the gains of the Forest Rights Act and swear by doing right with fair land acquisition legislation.
More after your outrage.